Thursday, January 24, 2008

Invisible Man


Well, this was definitely the longest book I have read in awhile. Sometimes quantity does not mean quality because if the author cannot keeps the readers interest over many, many pages, then often the book does not get finished. Ralph Ellison, however, is able to carry the reader's interest over a lengthy novel in Invisible Man. I was unsure how to feel about the novel at first because it seemed a tad dry and boring. Once the narrator got situated in New York and his life got moving, so did the novel. Ellison writes one of the most intricate novels I have ever read. If you think about how much time it must have taken him to think of all the subtilties and hidden meanings you may find your mouth agape in pure amazement. The quality of the novel goes beyond impressive and straight to genius. He approaches the theme of racism and equality in a very different way than many writers who wrote about similar topics. We discussed many times how he could have just written about a problematic, black boy from the South who goes North to find himself. Ellison's style of how he takes on the race issue was intriguing and much more interesting to read. The only drawback I saw to the novel was that it was almost too good. It got to the point where almost every other line could be broken down to reveal some hidden meaning or symbolization of something. When the literature gets that detailed, some of the fun of reading is taken away because you get too focused on what is trying to be said by a seemingly insignificant statement. The internal struggles of the narrator though fascinated me. His character development was fantastic. The novel always kept you intrigued because it would leave you hanging with things. For example, the nameless narrator. I know whenever I was reading I kept wondering if I was going to find out the name of the narrator. Just this simple aspect of the novel was one of the many things that kept my interest throughout the novel. All in all, I envy Ellison's creative ability and intellect.
"Well, I was and yet I was invisible, that was the fundamental contradiction. I was and yet I was unseen. It was frightening and as I sat there I sensed another frightening world of possibilities. For now I saw that I could agree with Jack without agreeing. And I could tell Harlem to have hope when there was no hope. Perhaps I could tell them to hope until I found the basis of something real, some firm ground for action that would lead them onto the plane of history. But until then I would have to move them without myself being moved...I'd have to do a Rinehart." (Ellison 507)
This quote deals with the narrator's transition towards invisibility and his optimism before he is completely invisible. He feels that on some levels, others do not see him. At the same time, however, he still believes he can make a difference and have an effect on people. The narrator still has an attitude of trying to make his view of the Brotherhood movement work. He still wants to help the people of Harlem, even if he thinks he is not seen by people like Jack. The narrator is searching for a firm basis that can give the people of Harlem hope, but I think he is really looking for solid ground for himself to stand on and give himself hope. I actually think that by trying to act like Rinehart he will only disconnect himself more. He says that he cannot get emotionally moved, but in order to gain back some visibility he needs to be fully involved. Rinehart may appear to be well connected with everyone, but there is probably a great deal of distance between himself and other. Putting space between himself and others is not going to help the narrator become any less invisible. This quote is contradictory, which makes it very interesting. It is good because it shows the narrator still has hope and has not admitted defeat yet. He believes he still has a chance to make a difference. I enjoyed seeing the narrator when he still possessed this optimistic attitude where he did not care if he was invisible or not; he was still going to try to make a difference.
I found the scene involving Liberty Paints to be one of the most important in the novel. Many themes and motifs are portrayed in the scene, especially the blatant black and white motif, which is present throughout the novel. It is so ironic that the white paint is made from a black foundation. This fact is so symbolic of the reality of past American culture. The early American economy was based upon slave labor. Without it, the United States would most likely have crumbled in its infancy. This is just like the paint; without the black base, the pure white cannot be made. There cannot be white without black. The Liberty Paint company uses the word liberty to appear to represent American ideals. However, there is really not any liberty for some of its own employees. For example, Brockway does a large amount of work, but is not rewarded the way white employees who work far less are. He takes part in making a paint that is used to cover up any stain or mark. White covering black. There is not really anything more that could symbolized American society of this time period. The white supremacy was rampant as it attempted to swallow the black culture. It is important that this was the first place the narrator went to work. Just how the paint covers things, this is when he first started being covered with the result of him being invisible.

The Heart of Darkness




This book, as I am sure most people would agree to, was definitely a little out of the norm of my reading experiences. I am always open to new things, but I can definitely say that I was not really a fan of Heart of Darkness. The style it was written in, including dialect, syntax, and tone made the novel very difficult to understand and really get into. I find it difficult to really grasp the point of a novel when I cannot get interested in reading it. At times it appeared to be very dense like novels of Scarlet Letter proportion. Despite these superficial difficulties, Conrad creates extremely complex, interesting characters. Kurtz and Marlow are far from simple. Kurtz portrays the consumption of a man by evil. I could not wrap my mind around Kurtz because I cannot fathom the evil that overtook him. The darkness that surrounded the novel as a whole, surrounded him as an individual specifically. What horror he must really have dealt with. Marlow on the other hand, I really liked as a character. He struggled against his inner evil, but came out for the most part on top. He did not succumb to the evil like Kurtz. He felt it; he experienced it, but he did not let go of the wheel and lose control. While Conrad's created extremely appealing characters, he put them in a context that made it difficult to enjoy them to the full extent.




"She had [...] bizarre things, charms, gifts of witch-men, that hung about her, glittered and trembled at every step. She must have had the value of several elephant tusks upon her. She was savage and superb, wild-eyed and magnificent; there was something ominous and stately in her deliberate progress." (Conrad 142)
This quote is full of contradictions; much like the entire story. The quote describes the woman as "savage and superb" and "ominous and stately", which are odd sets of words to use to describe the same individual. The ideas the words represent just do not go together. This is just like Kurtz and the colonies. So many people rant of Kurtz's intelligence and skill, yet spears with heads on top line the outside of his hut. What kind of brilliant man can represent such savagery at the same time? It is the same with the colonies. The settlements on the coast misrepresent the whole picture to the mother countries in Europe. They see their colonies as only being like the coast settlements, not the interior where the heart of darkness lies. The primitive ruthlessness of the interior of the colony contradicts the pretty picture in the minds of the imperialistic countries in Europe. The quote shows that many things can have two very different sides to them. This woman may be intriguing, but walks with an aire of danger about her. Kurtz may be one of the greatest assets to the company's ivory collection, but he is also a savage murderer. The colonies may be a great economic asset for the European countries, but they are also the sites of unmentionable horrors. Conrad uses contradiction throughout the novel to contrast superficiality with reality.
One of the themes I found interesting in the novel was the contradiction of the interior vs. the exterior. The interior was referred to as the inner jungle where the heart of darkness lies that Marlow must travel into, while the coast is viewed in a much more favorable light. The joy of the exterior and the horror of the interior are supposed to be symbolic of human nature. The novel delves into the question of whether or not evil lies within everyone. All signs from the novel seem to point to yes it does. To use Kurtz as an example, he appeared successful and intelligent on the outside. The leaders of the company saw him as a man of great talent in acquiring great amounts of ivory. However, as Marlow tragically witnesses, Kurtz was far from this fine man other saw him as. Marlow saw what lay in the interior of Kurtz-pure evil. Even calling the interior the heart of darkness is symbolic of the interior of everyone of us. Your heart is in the interior, and with that is also darkness. Many people have such thick, bright exteriors that it is sometimes difficult for the evil interior to pierce through the light. A lot of times the interior will attempt to cover up for what is on the inside. Throughout the novel interiors and exteriors are tied together by contradiction. At first sight things appear one way to Marlow, but upon further examination, end up being quite the opposite of his original thoughts.